The Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA) Terminal 2 (T2) is a four-level, integrated terminal, built as a part of the airport’s $2bn modernisation programme that was initiated in 2007.
CSIA (also known as Mumbai International Airport and Sahar International Airport), is owned and operated by Mumbai International Airport Private Limited (MIAL), a joint venture between GVK-led consortium (74%) and Airports Authority of India (26%).
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Constructed with an investment of $894.3m, the CSIA Terminal 2 was inaugurated in January 2014. The terminal has an annual passenger handling capacity of 40 million.
Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport Terminal 2 details
Terminal 2 of the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport combines both international and domestic passenger services under one roof. It is a cross-shaped building facilitating efficient terminal operations and quick passenger movement. It was built on a 105ha site and comprises a 45m tall four-story building with 4.5 million square feet. The new terminal can accommodate 9,900 passengers during peak hours.
The first floor of the terminal building is used for ground transportation. The second floor is used for arrivals, whereas the third floor provides space for retail as well as domestic security. The fourth floor is used for common international and domestic check-ins, as well as for international security and retail.
The terminal was built in phases and the old terminal was gradually demolished as new sections of the new terminal opened, enabling the airport to remain in operation through the construction process.
CSIA Terminal 2 design details
The design of Terminal 2 is inspired by India’s national bird, the peacock. A significant feature of the terminal is the long-span roof, which is supported by 30 mushroom-shaped, multi-story, mega columns, creating a wide column-free space. The roof covers an area of 70,000m2 and is one of the largest roofs in the world without an expansion joint, allowing the flexibility to rearrange the interiors.
The mega columns reach heights of more than 100ft and are placed 64m apart in the north-south direction and 34m apart in the east-west direction. The columns also function as hoist mechanisms so that the entire roof could be constructed without tower cranes due to site limitations and proximity to the old functioning terminal.
The new terminal is covered with a 50ft tall cable-stayed glass wall, which is the longest of its kind in the world. It stands out as one of the largest and longest cable wall systems in the world.
The transparent facade of the terminal building uses a high-performance glazing system to allow natural light into the interiors while also ensuring optimal thermal performance and glare mitigation.
The terminal features a moulded coffer ceiling structure fitted with more than 4,000 coffers, each measuring approximately 100ft2. The retail corridor of the terminal features perforated ceiling petals and skylights.
The terminal design received the American Architecture Award from the Chicago Athenaeum in 2012. It also received gold certification in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) from the US Green Building Council.
CSIA Terminal 2 facilities
The new terminal features 208 check-in counters, 23 domestic and 30 international security pedestals, 52 boarding bridges, and 60 immigration counters.
It has 161 elevators, 47 escalators, 41 travellators, and ten baggage carrousels. It also features an 11.6m-long escalator, which is the tallest in India. The automated baggage handling system at the terminal can process 9,600 bags per hour.
The terminal offers seating space for 10,900 passengers and visitors. It also houses lounges, a day hotel, and a transit hotel. The retail space offered by the new terminal is nearly 700,000ft2.
The multi-level car park at the terminal can accommodate up to 5,200 cars during peak hours.
Contractors involved
Larsen & Toubro (L&T), an engineering, construction, manufacturing company, was awarded the engineering, procurement, and construction (EPC) contract for the new terminal project in November 2007.
The terminal design was provided by Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM), an architectural, urban planning and engineering company based in the US. CH2M HILL, an engineering company based in the US, provided programme management and consulting services.
Pteris Global, an airport logistics systems designer and manufacturer, provided the baggage handling systems under a $53m contract awarded in April 2010.
SITA, a provider of information technology (IT) systems for the air transport industry, signed a deal with MIAL in February 2013 to provide advanced passenger handling technology at the new terminal. Wipro, an IT company based in India, was awarded a ten-year contract in the same month to provide IT management services for the new terminal.
Formglas Products, an innovative moulded architectural product solutions provider, manufactured and supplied coffers, skylights, and other components for the terminal.
HED, a landscape architecture and urban design company based in the UK, was responsible to create the interior landscape.
Jotun, a manufacturer of paints and coatings, was selected to apply fire and weather protection coatings and beautifying the interiors of the terminal.
Mulvey & Banani International, an engineering consulting company based in Canada, served as the engineering consultant for the project and provided services including electrical and security engineering, fire alarm and public address systems, and information and communications technology infrastructure.
Brandston Partnership, an architectural lighting design firm based in the US, provided lighting design services.
Cerami & Associates, a provider of acoustic and technology consulting services, was responsible for providing acoustics services for the terminal.
